Tsarin juriya na iska na sashin baturi da madaidaicin fitila.
A da, wani abokina ya yi ta tambayata game da iska da juriya na fitulun hasken rana. Yanzu muna iya yin lissafin ma.
Fitilar Titin Rana A cikin tsarin hasken titin hasken rana, batu mai mahimmancin tsari shine ƙirar juriyar iska. Zane-zanen juriyar iskar ya kasu ne zuwa manyan sassa biyu, daya shi ne tsarin juriyar iska na bracket bangaren baturi, daya kuma shi ne na’urar juriyar iska ta ma’aunin fitilar.
Dangane da bayanan ma'aunin fasaha na masana'antun batir, tsarin hasken rana na iya jure matsin lamba na 2700Pa. Idan aka zaɓi madaidaicin juriya na iska don zama 27m/s (daidai da guguwa mai mataki goma), bisa ga injiniyoyin ruwa marasa ƙarfi, ƙarfin iskar taron baturi shine kawai 365Pa. Saboda haka, bangaren da kansa zai iya jure wa saurin iska 27m/s ba tare da lalacewa ba. Sabili da haka, mahimmin la'akari a cikin ƙira shine haɗin tsakanin haɗin haɗin baturi da tashar fitila.
A cikin ƙirar tsarin hasken titin hasken rana, ƙirar haɗin haɗin batir ɗin baturi da madaidaicin fitilar an haɗa shi da sandar ƙugiya.
Zane mai hana iska na fitilar titi
Ma'auni na hasken titin hasken rana sune kamar haka:
Matsakaicin karkatar panel A = 16o tsayin sanda = 5m
Ƙirar hasken titin hasken rana yana zaɓar nisa na kabu na walda a kasan gidan fitilar δ = 4mm da diamita na waje na kasan fitilar = 168mm
The surface na weld ne halakar surface na fitilar. Nisa daga ma'aunin ƙididdiga P na lokacin juriya W na lalata farfajiyar sandar fitilar zuwa layin aiki na nauyin panel F da aka samu ta sandar fitilar shine PQ = [5000 + (168 + 6) / tan16o] × Sin16o = 1545mm=1.545m. Saboda haka, lokacin da iskar lodi a kan halakar surface na fitilar iyakacin duniya M = F × 1.545.
Dangane da mafi girman ƙira da aka yarda da saurin iska na 27m/s, ainihin nauyin 2 × 30W dual-fitila hasken titin hasken rana shine 730N. Yin la'akari da ƙimar aminci na 1.3, F = 1.3 × 730 = 949N.
Saboda haka, M = F × 1.545 = 949 × 1.545 = 1466N.m.
Dangane da samuwar ilmin lissafi, lokacin juriya na farfajiyar kasawa mai siffar zobe W = π × (3r2δ+3rδ2+δ3).
A cikin dabarar da ke sama, r shine diamita na ciki na zobe kuma δ shine faɗin zoben.
Lokacin juriya na kasawa W = π × (3r2δ+3rδ2+δ3)
=π×(3×842×4+3×84×42+43) = 88768mm3
= 88.768×10-6 m3
Damuwar da ke haifar da nauyin iska da ke aiki akan kasawar kasa = M/W
= 1466/ (88.768×10-6) = 16.5×106pa = 16.5 Mpa <<215Mpa
Daga cikin su, 215 Mpa shine ƙarfin lanƙwasawa na Q235 karfe.
Saboda haka, nisa na weld dinkin da aka ƙera kuma aka zaɓa ta hanyar masana'anta hasken titin hasken rana ya cika buƙatun. Muddin ana iya tabbatar da ingancin walda, juriya na iska na tashar fitilar ba shi da matsala.
hasken rana na waje| hasken rana ya jagoranci haske | duk a cikin hasken rana ɗaya
Bayanin hasken titi
Sa'o'in aiki na musamman na fitilun titin hasken rana suna shafar yanayin aiki daban-daban kamar yanayi da muhalli. Rayuwar sabis na fitilun fitilun tituna da yawa za su yi tasiri sosai. A karkashin binciken ma’aikatan da suka dace, an gano cewa sauye-sauyen na’urorin ceton fitulun kan titi suna da matukar tasiri da kuma adana wutar lantarki. Babu shakka, aikin ma’aikatan kula da fitilun kan titi da manyan fitilun igiya a cikin garinmu ya ragu sosai.
Ka'idar zagaye
A halin yanzu, hanyoyin samar da hasken tituna na birane galibi fitilun sodium da fitilun mercury. Wurin da'irar aiki ta ƙunshi fitilun sodium ko kwararan fitila na mercury, ballasts masu ƙyalli, da abubuwan jan wuta na lantarki. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki shine 0.45 lokacin da ba'a haɗa capacitor diyya kuma shine 0.90. Gabaɗayan aikin aikin inductive. Ka'idar aiki na wannan titin hasken wutar lantarki mai tanadin wutar lantarki shine haɗa na'ura mai dacewa da AC reactor a jere a cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki. Lokacin da grid ƙarfin lantarki ne kasa da 235V, da reactor ne short-circuited kuma ba ya aiki; lokacin da grid ƙarfin lantarki ya fi 235V, da reactor da aka sanya a cikin aiki don tabbatar da cewa aiki ƙarfin lantarki na hasken rana titi haske ba zai wuce 235V.
Gaba dayan da'irar ta ƙunshi sassa uku: samar da wutar lantarki, gano ƙarfin wutar lantarki da kwatantawa, da kuma mai kunnawa fitarwa. Ana nuna zane-zanen lantarki a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.
Da'irar hasken wutar lantarki na titin hasken rana ya ƙunshi tassoshi T1, diodes D1 zuwa D4, U1 (7812) mai sarrafa tasha uku da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin wutar lantarki + 12V don kunna wutar lantarki.
Gano wutar lantarki da kwatancen wutar lantarki sun ƙunshi abubuwa kamar op-amp U3 (LM324) da U2 (TL431). Wutar lantarki tana saukowa ƙasa ta resistor R9, D5 an gyara rabin-kalaman. Ana tace C5, kuma ana samun wutar lantarki ta DC kusan 7V azaman ƙarfin gano samfurin. Samfurin gano ƙarfin lantarki ana tacewa ta ƙaramin matattara mai ƙarancin wucewa wanda ya ƙunshi U3B (LM324) kuma a aika zuwa comparator U3D (LM324) don kwatantawa da wutar lantarki. Ana samar da wutar lantarki na kwatancen ta hanyar ma'aunin wutar lantarki U2 (TL431). Ana amfani da Potentiometer VR1 don daidaita girman ƙarfin gano samfurin, kuma ana amfani da VR2 don daidaita wutar lantarki.
The fitarwa actuator ne hada da relays RL1 da RL3, high-yanayin jirgin sama contactor RL2, AC reactor L1 da sauransu. Lokacin da grid irin ƙarfin lantarki ne kasa da 235V, da comparator U3D yana fitar da wani low matakin, uku-tube Q1 aka kashe, da gudun ba da sanda RL1 aka saki, da kullum rufaffiyar lamba aka haɗa zuwa ikon samar da wutar lantarki na jirgin sama contactor RL2, RL2. yana jan hankali, kuma reactor L1 gajere ne Ba aiki; lokacin da grid ƙarfin lantarki ya fi 235V, da comparator U3D yana fitar da babban matakin, da uku-tube Q1 da aka kunna, da gudun ba da sanda RL1 jawo a, da kullum rufaffiyar lamba ta katse da ikon samar da wutar lantarki na jirgin sama contactor RL2, da kuma RL2 ne. saki.
Reactor L1 yana da alaƙa da tsarin samar da hasken wutar lantarki na titin hasken rana, kuma babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na grid yana cikin sa don tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin aiki na hasken titin hasken rana ba zai wuce 235V ba. Ana amfani da LED1 don nuna yanayin aiki na Relay RL1. Ana amfani da LED2 don nuna yanayin aiki na mai tuntuɓar jirgin sama RL2, kuma ana amfani da varistor MY1 don kashe lambar sadarwa.
Matsayin relay RL3 shine don rage yawan wutar lantarki na mai tuntuɓar jirgin sama RL2, saboda juriya na farawa na RL2 shine kawai 4Ω, kuma juriya na nada yana kiyaye kusan 70Ω. Lokacin da aka ƙara DC 24V, halin yanzu farawa shine 6A, kuma kulawar halin yanzu ya fi 300mA. Relay RL3 yana canza lambar sadarwar jirgin sama RL2's coil voltage yana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki.
Ka'idar ita ce: lokacin da RL2 ya fara, rufewar lambar sadarwa ta al'ada yana rufe gadar relay RL3, RL3 yana fitowa, kuma lambar da aka saba rufe tana haɗa babban tashar wutar lantarki 28V na transformer T1 zuwa shigar da gada mai gyara RL2; bayan RL2 ya fara, ana buɗe haɗin haɗin gwiwar da aka saba, kuma ana jan hankalin Relay RL3. Alamar buɗewa ta al'ada tana haɗa ƙaramin tashar wutar lantarki 14V na mai canza wuta T1 zuwa tashar shigar da gyara gada ta RL2 kuma tana kula da ɗan kwangilar jirgin sama tare da 50% na farawar wutar lantarki RL2
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki